Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing the rattan lumber, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing rattan material industrial wood waste to prepare the rattan lumber, belong to rattan furniture, rattan handicraft manufacture field.
Background technology
Rattan furniture is a kind of ancient furniture in China, in recent ten years, the development of rattan furniture industry is very fast, no matter be on the scale, quantity, the output value in enterprise, still all obtained great development at the aspects such as type, structure, moulding, technology and product trade of product, become collection design and function, technology and material, be worth and practical high unity, on current furniture market, be full of the furniture item of attraction and competitiveness.And along with the awakening of people's environmental consciousness, people demand a kind of consoling with quiet urgently, and back to nature, leisure, health care have become the common pursuit of modern metropolitan cities people; And rattan furniture and rattan handicraft have just catered to New World people's uphold natures, have pursued main flow healthy, environmental protection with this natural environmental-protective and leisure form.
The rattan product is a kind of high value-added product, and the Unit Weight price by the rattan product after the deep processing is four times of former rattan approximately.In the Asia, in fact rattan furniture industry account for more than 25% of all furniture industry output values, and in continuous growth, the various rattan articles series of products and the handicraft of rattan furniture and establishment among the people have very high reputation in the international market, and have driven the development of local economy.Rattan article is one of traditional export-oriented commodity of China, and China's rattan furniture is exported to more than 100 countries and regions of five continents, the world at present.
At present, the raw material of rattan furniture and rattan handicraft mainly are the rattan materials.Furniture that produces with the rattan material and handicraft lines are graceful smooth, and texture is simple and unadorned, it with its exquisite technology, various moulding, simple and elegant advantages such as color in market in occupation of consequence.And present many furniture items contain harmful substances such as a large amount of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, phenol, grievous injury consumer's physical and mental health.Along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, back to nature, leisure, health care have become the common pursuit of modern metropolitan cities people, but rattan furniture more is subjected to people's favor deeply with its feature of environmental protection, practicality, artistry collection.
But in the furniture processing industry, the rattan material is not fully utilized at present.The rattan material can produce a large amount of industrial wood wastes in process, account for the 30%-50% of former rattan greatly.At present, these rattan material industrial wood wastes are just undersold as waste material and are not fully utilized.Simultaneously, because people excessively gather and the rapid minimizing of world's Tropical forests, palm rattan wild resource also faces withered brown, causes palm rattan product price rise on the international market, and market demand also constantly enlarges.And; present homemade former rattan is not satisfied the demand of rattan processing industry for raw material; therefore; the former rattan of 80%-90% need rely on import in the last few years; the while resource has state and has taked the protection of resources policy; import rattan material is very difficult, and China's rattan article industry will be faced with shortage of resources and crises problem.At present, existing abroad many countries make vinc fiber-cement-bonded wood chipboard with the broken waste material of rattan furniture factory through superheated water preliminary treatment and cement mixing.China also should be on the basis of the existing rattan resource of protection, and the comprehensive utilization technique of active research and development rattan material improves the utilization rate of full rattan.The comprehensive utilization technique of exploitation rattan material industrial wood waste is one and has the potential market that very great development is worth, and utilizes its production high-quality, high value-added product will produce huge economical, societal benefits.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, what the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rattan material industrial wood waste utilizes method again, rattan material industrial wood waste is made sheet material, in furniture and handicraft manufacturing industry, to use, what solved rattan material industrial wood waste utilizes problem again, improve full rattan utilization rate, obtained well behaved novel rattan material simultaneously.
The present invention also aims to provide the novel rattan material according to method for preparing, this material has the good mechanical performance, is adapted at using in furniture and the handicraft manufacturing industry.
For achieving the above object, the present invention at first provides a kind of method of utilizing rattan material industrial wood waste to prepare the rattan lumber, and wherein, this method comprises makes steps such as rattan lumber with rattan material industrial wood waste through braiding, assembly and pressing.
At present, the former rattan of raw materials used main dependence on import in rattan furniture, the rattan handicraft manufacturing industry.In process, former rattan is at first handled through splitting the thin bamboo strip, and former rattan is divided into rattan peel and rattan core, and the rattan core further is processed to form the material that can be used for weaving of various section configurations, size again.In the process that the rattan core is reprocessed, these former of expensive import rattans have 30-50% to form waste material, i.e. rattan material industrial wood waste.Involved in the present invention to rattan material industrial wood waste be that former rattan is processed into remaining part behind the rattan core, this part material is relatively thinner, easily curling, and it is shaped as long curling shape, and its length can be blocked on request, thickness is generally at 0.5-1mm, and moisture content is generally at 10%-12%.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, said method comprises following concrete steps:
Braiding: rattan material industrial wood waste is woven into rattan curtain or pigtail shape material;
Assembly: use adhesive that pigtail shape material is flooded, dry the back and form slab, perhaps, between adjacent rattan curtain, glued membrane is set and forms slab;
Pressing: slab is carried out the pressing processing make the rattan lumber.
Braiding is one of committed step of preparation method provided by the invention.In order to keep rattan material natural appearance characteristic and tensile strength properties, consider that the strength character mensuration of follow-up rattan lumber has certain requirement to sample dimensions, for example: when measuring the MOR of test specimen, length and width are all had strict demand.Preferably, the thickness of the rattan curtain that preparation method's braiding provided by the invention obtains is generally about 0.5-1mm, and length is 370mm, and width is 50mm.In the assembly process, according to the thickness of the sheet material that will obtain and control compression ratio, can select the thickness of the rattan curtain that will adopt and the concrete number of plies, in the assembly process, can between adjacent rattan curtain, glued membrane be set, make rattan curtain and glued membrane that the composition slab is set at interval.
The pigtail shape material that the present invention was woven into is that picture braiding fried dough twist pigtail sample weaves the material that a kind of shape that obtains is similar to the fried dough twist pigtail to rattan material industrial wood waste, and diameter is generally 20mm, can as required it be cut into Len req.The pigtail shape material that braiding obtains carried out impregnation earlier and handles before assembly, and dip time generally is controlled to be 24 hours.
In above-mentioned preparation method provided by the invention, preferably, the step of the braiding of being taked can comprise following concrete operations: drenching the immersion of rattan material industrial wood waste also, cut-off dries, be woven into rattan curtain or pigtail shape material then, and rattan curtain or the pigtail shape material that braiding obtains flattened (or flattening) and handle, with rattan curtain or the pigtail shape material that obtains surfacing; Wherein, above-mentioned pressing (or flattening) is handled and can be carried out on cold press, and pressure generally is controlled to be 1.0-1.2MPa, and the time of exerting pressure is controlled to be 1-2h.
According to the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the assembly process, glued membrane is set between adjacent rattan curtain glues together (in the pressing process, glued membrane can play the effect of adhesive), the glued membrane that is adopted can be the polyamide hot film, and resin added is approximately 46-92g/m 2Use adhesive that pigtail shape material is flooded and can carry out according to way common in this area, the adhesive that is adopted can be synvaren, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive etc., wherein, preferably, the concentration of used synvaren is 7%, in the dipping process, every kilogram of used amount of resin of pigtail shape material is 1.63Kg.
In above-mentioned preparation method provided by the invention, preferably, pressing is handled and can be undertaken by the mode of hot pressing, wherein, when using hot-melt adhesive film as adhesive, when adopting the rattan curtain to form slab, the condition of hot pressing can for: hot pressing temperature is controlled to be 125 ℃, hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 4MPa, according to slab thickness, the duration of exerting pressure is controlled to be 1.0-1.5min/mm, and the compression ratio of slab is controlled to be 10-15%; When use synvaren, when adopting pigtail shape material to form slab, the condition of hot pressing can for: hot pressing temperature is controlled to be 135 ℃, and hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 5MPa, and according to slab thickness, the duration of exerting pressure is controlled to be 1.0-1.5min/mm.When assembly, the thickness of slab can be by adjusting compression ratio or being controlled by finger gauge.
In preparation method provided by the invention, thickness by the control slab can make the rattan lumber that is obtained after the pressing reach required density, promptly control the density of the rattan lumber that finally obtains by the compression ratio of control slab, the density of rattan lumber can be controlled at 0.6g/cm 3-1.0g/cm 3And the size of compression ratio has very big influence to the detection of some follow-up physicochemical properties, for example, the size of rattan lumber density can influence parameters such as the MOR of sheet material and thickness swelling rate, therefore, preparation method provided by the invention is by controlling parameters such as suitable slab compression ratio and rattan lumber density, can make the rattan lumber for preparing to satisfy every physical and chemical index requirement, reach the instructions for use in furniture and handicraft manufacturing industry.Quantitative relation in compression ratio that the present invention mentioned and density can be calculated according to following formula: density=slab quality/slab volume, compression ratio=(sheet metal thickness after slab thickness-hot pressing)/slab thickness, therefore, compression ratio is big more, and density is just big more.
The present invention also provides a kind of rattan lumber, and it is by method for preparing provided by the invention.This rattan lumber is formed by rattan curtain or the pressing of pigtail shape material that the braiding of multilayer rattan material industrial wood waste forms, and has the composite construction of multilayer.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, the density of rattan lumber provided by the invention can be 0.6g/cm 3-1.0g/cm 3
The rattan pliability is good, and be with line modelling, it mainly is to form with bending that vine art furniture is made, how with " drum ", " sky ", " folding ", " song " and " arc " combines, therefore, according to its application and design model needs, rattan lumber provided by the invention is separated by saw, turning, processing technology such as sanding or grinding is handled, just can obtain satisfactory furniture and the needed skeleton of rattan handicraft or other parts, for example, rattan lumber provided by the invention can be milled into required form by selecting different cutter apparatus, last, its surface is handled, greasy by beating, work such as sanding are processed into required member.Among the present invention, after the rattan lumber suppresses, can at first handle, be processed into the cylinder rod with milling cutter then, carry out sanding at last again and handle by the saw limit.
The method of utilizing rattan material industrial wood waste to prepare the rattan lumber provided by the invention can be made the rattan lumber with superperformance by technologies such as braiding, assembly, pressings.This method not only technology is simple, and the rattan lumber that utilizes this technology to make has kept that the distinctive natural color of rattan is simple and elegant, exotic shape and characteristics such as durable in use.
Rattan material industrial wood waste provided by the invention utilize technology, not only manufacturing process is simple, and the rattan lumber that processes kept original form of rattan and characteristic, aesthetic property that it is natural and strong tensile strength meet the demand in market.Consider from economic benefit, these rattan material industrial wood wastes are as waste material at present, generally be with the sell at competitive about 3 yuan/kg, and these materials are made the rattan lumber by method provided by the invention, make the rattan that is used to weave or be processed into skeleton, the frame material of rattan furniture, the present market price of the rattan lumber that this braiding is made can reach 10-20 unit/kg, and value has improved more than 3 times.
Simultaneously, what the present invention used is rattan material industrial wood waste, not only can alleviate the contradiction of rattan resource scarcity, and pass through refuse reclamation, be made into the environmentally friendly machine that meets requirement of the market economy in conjunction with market, not only reduce the financial cost of rattan material processing, and brought huge social and economic benefit.Adopt method provided by the invention that the utilization rate of former rattan is brought up to more than 90%, the former rattan utilization rate with respect to about present China rattan material 50%-70% of processing enterprise has improved more than 20%, has saved the production cost of rattan material processing enterprise greatly.Utilization rate of raw materials improves, and production cost reduces, and its great economic benefit of bringing is conspicuous.
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect being had more clearly, existing technical scheme is carried out following detailed description, but but can not be interpreted as qualification practical range of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1, braiding: the rattan material industrial wood waste immersion of earlier bending being twined is drenched, and with its cut-off, dries; Material braiding with cut-off forms the curtain shape material-rattan curtain of breadth for long 370mm, wide 50mm then;
2, flatten: on cold press, the rattan curtain that obtains in the step 1 is flattened processing, obtain the rattan curtain of surfacing;
3, assembly: carrying out assembly according to the structure of the rattan lumber that will prepare and obtain slab, wherein, is the rift grain direction with the length direction of rattan curtain, and each layer rattan curtain is parallel overlapping according to the rift grain direction; In the process of assembly, between adjacent rattan curtain, the polyamide hot nethike embrane is set, applied amount is the 1.7g/ face;
4, hot pressing: the slab hot pressing that assembly is finished is into about the thick slab of 15mm (thickness of slab can be set as required); According to the adhesive kind that is adopted and the thickness of slab, adopt following heat pressing process condition: hot pressing temperature is 125 ℃, and hot pressing time is 15min, and pressure is 4MPa; In hot pressing, the slab compression ratio is controlled to be 10%, thickness by finger gauge control slab, slab is pressed into desired thickness (thickness of the final thickness=slab of rattan lumber * (1-compression ratio)), room temperature is reduced in logical cold water cooling after the hot pressing, glued membrane is solidified, finish whole hot pressing process, obtain the rattan lumber;
5, mechanical property evaluation: with reference to GB/T 17657-1999, measure the physical and mechanical property of above-mentioned rattan lumber, its performance indications are as follows: density is 0.57g/cm 3, MOR is 19.9MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 1542MPa, and the 2h thickness swelling rate is 22.0%.
Embodiment 2
1, braiding: the first manual fried dough twist pigtail shape that is woven into of the rattan material industrial wood waste that bending is twined, be cut into the pigtail shape material of 300mm * 40mm * 20mm (length * wide * diameter) according to the press size, will twine its tail end with fine rule, scatter to prevent it;
2, impregnated phenolic resin adhesive: in synvaren, soak time is 16h with the resulting pigtail shape of step 1 material soaking, and the adhesive solid content is 150g;
3, assembly: carrying out assembly according to the structure of the rattan lumber that will prepare and obtain slab, wherein, is the rift grain direction with the length direction of pigtail shape material, and each layer pigtail shape material is according to the parallel overlapping setting of rift grain direction, and book size is 300mm * 160mm;
4, hot pressing: the slab hot pressing that assembly is finished obtains the rattan lumber into about the thick slab of 20mm (thickness of slab can be set as required); According to the adhesive kind that is adopted and the thickness of slab, adopt following heat pressing process condition: hot pressing temperature is 135 ℃, and hot pressing time is 30min, and hot pressing pressure is 5MPa, and by the thickness of finger gauge control slab, density is passed through THICKNESS CONTROL;
5, mechanical property evaluation: with reference to GB/T 17657-1999, measure the physical and mechanical property of above-mentioned rattan lumber, its performance indications are as follows: density is 1.0g/cm 3, MOR is 42.3MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 3699MPa, and internal bond strength is 1.24MPa, and the 2h thickness swelling rate is 3.2%.
Embodiment 3
1, braiding: the rattan material industrial wood waste that bending is twined is manual earlier is woven into fried dough twist pigtail shape, and it is cut into the pigtail shape material of 300mm * 40mm * 20mm (length * wide * diameter) according to the big young pathbreaker of press;
2, impregnated phenolic resin adhesive: in synvaren, soak time is 16h with the resulting pigtail shape of step 1 material soaking, and the adhesive solid content is 150g;
3, assembly: carrying out assembly according to the structure of the rattan lumber that will prepare and obtain slab, wherein, is the rift grain direction with the length direction of pigtail shape material, and each layer pigtail shape material is according to the parallel overlapping setting of rift grain direction, and book size is 300mm * 160mm;
4, hot pressing: the slab hot pressing that assembly is finished obtains the rattan lumber into about the thick slab of 26mm (thickness of slab can be set as required); According to the adhesive kind that is adopted and the thickness of slab, adopt following heat pressing process condition: hot pressing temperature is 135 ℃, and hot pressing time is 30min, and hot pressing pressure is 5MPa, and by the thickness of finger gauge control slab, density is passed through THICKNESS CONTROL;
5, mechanical property evaluation: with reference to GB/T 17657-1999, measure the physical and mechanical property of above-mentioned rattan lumber, its performance indications are as follows: density is 0.8g/cm 3, MOR is 8.4MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 1155MPa, and internal bond strength is 0.76MPa, and the 2h thickness swelling rate is 3.1%.
Embodiment 4
1, braiding: the rattan material industrial wood waste that bending is twined is manual earlier is woven into fried dough twist pigtail shape, is cut into the pigtail shape material of 300mm * 40mm * 20mm (length * wide * diameter) according to the press size;
2, impregnated phenolic resin adhesive: in synvaren, soak time is 16h with the resulting pigtail shape of step 1 material soaking, and the adhesive solid content is 150g;
3, assembly: carrying out assembly according to the structure of the rattan lumber that will prepare and obtain slab, wherein, is the rift grain direction with the length direction of pigtail shape material, and each layer pigtail shape material is according to the parallel overlapping setting of rift grain direction, and book size is 300mm * 160mm;
4, hot pressing: the slab hot pressing that assembly is finished obtains the rattan lumber into about the thick slab of 30mm (thickness of slab can be set as required); According to the adhesive kind that is adopted and the thickness of slab, adopt following heat pressing process condition: hot pressing temperature is 135 ℃, and hot pressing time is 30min, and hot pressing pressure is 5MPa, and by the thickness of finger gauge control slab, density is passed through THICKNESS CONTROL;
5, mechanical property evaluation: with reference to GB/T 17657-1999, measure the physical and mechanical property of above-mentioned rattan lumber, its performance indications are as follows: density is 0.6g/cm 3, MOR is 3.4MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 523MPa, and internal bond strength is 0.21MPa, and the 2h thickness swelling rate is 5.2%.
The material that obtains among embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is milled processing such as type, sanding, japanning by the later stage, above-mentioned rattan panel provided by the invention can be used as the skeleton or the frame material of furniture, also can be used to make some household articles, for example the handrail of household articles, handle etc.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
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